百日咳是儿童中最普遍的一种传染病,发病可达儿童人口的60％。与欧洲和北美的大部份国家一样,日本在过去30年中百日咳的发病率经历了很大的变化。在这一段时间期内为了预防百日咳进行了广泛的预防接种,对菌苗质量和接种方法也作了改进。由于这种原因以及其它医疗与社会经济上的原因,百日咳的病例以一种“升-降”的形式下降,由1947年的152,072例降低到1974年的393例,没有一例死亡(见表Ⅰ)。在这样一种流行病学状况下,由于百日咳菌苗引起的神经毒素反应(如脑损伤)与注射剂量增加有关,从而导致了无休止的关于菌苗使用利弊的讨论,并由医学问题而演变为社会问 Pertussis is one of the most common infectious diseases in children, affecting up to 60% of the child population. Like most countries in Europe and North America, the incidence of whooping cough in Japan has undergone significant changes over the past 30 years. The extensive vaccination against whooping cough over this period of time has also resulted in improvements in the quality and vaccination of vaccines. For this reason and for other medical and socioeconomic reasons, the incidence of whooping cough decreased in a “up-and-down” pattern, from 152,072 in 1947 to 393 in 1974, with no death (see Table I ). In such an epidemiological situation, the neurotoxin response due to pertussis (such as brain damage) is associated with an increased dose, leading to endless discussion of the pros and cons of vaccine use and the evolution of medical problems Ask for the community