鼠疫,也称黑死病,是一种烈性传染病。一般分为腺型、败血型和肺型鼠疫三种。1945年日本战败投降后,由于日本细菌部队大量散放带菌的老鼠和跳蚤,在我国东北造成了大规模的鼠疫流行。据有关防疫档案的统计,仅1946~1948年就有51 672人患鼠疫,其中42 967人死亡,猖獗的鼠疫给东北人民带来了深重的灾难。[1]本文仅就东北鼠疫中的黑龙江疫情加以简要的阐述。黑龙江省鼠疫疫区分为哈尔滨和泰来两个疫区。 Plague, also known as black death, is a potent infectious disease. Generally divided into glandular, septic and pulmonary plague three. After Japan’s defeat in 1945 surrendered, large-scale outbreaks of plague were caused in northeastern China by the mass release of mice and fleas carried by the Japanese bacterial unit. According to statistics on the epidemic prevention archives, only 51,672 people were plague in 1946-1948, of which 42,967 were dead and the rampant plague brought deep disaster to people in Northeast China. [1] This article only briefs on the outbreak of Heilongjiang in Northeast plague. Plague outbreaks in Heilongjiang Province are divided into two affected areas, Harbin and Tailai.