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目的:探讨金属铅对铅作业人员血液系统的影响,及尿粪卟啉和血细胞参数测定的意义。方法:以铅作业工人465人为观察组,以不接触铅和其他生产性毒物的某单位职工286人为对照组,各取尿20 ml和EDTA-K2抗凝血2 ml,用荧光比色法进行尿粪卟啉测定,用CA-900全自动血液分析仪进行血细胞分析。结果:铅作业组的尿粪卟啉阳性率42.5%明显高于对照组2.10%(χ2=146.7,P<0.01),血红蛋白与红细胞降低检出率(8.17%4、.73%)高于对照组的(1.75%、1.04%)(P<0.01,P<0.05)。结论:金属铅对铅作业人员的血液系统的影响,主要表现为卟啉代谢紊乱和血红素合成障碍,要定期对铅作业人员测定尿粪卟啉和血细胞参数,及早发现铅中毒人员,维护铅作业人员的身体健康。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of metallic lead on the blood system of lead workers and the significance of determination of urinary porphyrin and blood cell parameters. Methods: A total of 465 lead workers were employed as observation group, 286 workers of a unit not exposed to lead and other productive toxicants as control group, 20 ml of urine and 2 ml of EDTA-K2 anticoagulant were respectively taken for fluorescence staining Urine coproporphyrin determination, using CA-900 automatic hematology analyzer for hematology. Results: The positive rate of urinary coproporphyrin in the lead group was significantly higher than that in the control group (42.5% vs. 2.10%, χ2 = 146.7, P <0.01), and the hemoglobin and erythrocyte reduction rates (8.17%, 4.73% Group (1.75%, 1.04%) (P <0.01, P <0.05). CONCLUSION: The effect of metallic lead on the blood system of lead workers is mainly manifested as disorder of porphyrin metabolism and heme biosynthesis. Regularly, lead workers should measure urinary excretion of porphyrin and blood cell parameters, detect lead poisoning early and maintain lead The health of workers.