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土壤厚度信息对土壤碳储量估算、水文-生态过程模拟等有着重要影响,但我国北方石质山区缺乏现势性好、分辨率高的土壤厚度分布数据及其快速获取方法。基于北方石质山区土壤厚度的分布特点,先将地貌信息和植被类型叠加生成制图单元,再根据每类单元的特征,针对性地选取地形参数和地表覆被参数作为指示土壤厚度空间分布的环境变量,结合少量土壤样点,依据模糊推理模型,构建了基于分层制图策略的土壤厚度空间推测方法。以河北省滦平县虎什哈流域为例,利用从ASTER GDEMs提取的地形变量和从我国环境减灾卫星影像(HJ-A)提取的地表覆被信息对土壤厚度进行了推测。结果表明,该方法精度较高,是利用免费地形和遥感数据进行低成本快速土壤制图的实用途径。
Soil thickness information has an important influence on soil carbon storage estimation and hydrological-ecological process simulation. However, there is a lack of readily available and high-resolution soil thickness distribution data and its rapid acquisition method in rocky mountain areas of northern China. Based on the distribution characteristics of soil thickness in the northern stony mountainous area, the topography information and the vegetation types are superposed to generate the mapping units. According to the characteristics of each type of units, the terrain parameters and the surface covering parameters are selected as the environment indicating the spatial distribution of the soil thickness According to the fuzzy inference model, a method for estimating soil thickness based on layered mapping strategy was constructed. Taking the Hushen Basin in Luanping County of Hebei Province as an example, the thickness of the soil was estimated using the topographic variables extracted from the ASTER GDEMs and the ground cover information extracted from the HJ-A image of China. The results show that the method has high accuracy and is a practical way to make low-cost rapid soil mapping using free terrain and remote sensing data.