低山区坡耕地水土流失日益加剧,已严重影响农村经济的发展。对20°~25°的荒坡或耕地,一律退耕还林还草还果,贯彻适地适树适草的原则,草灌先行,乔灌草结合,在水平沟内或台地之上,种植阔叶乔木与灌木混交林,在坡面上,优先种植灌木带和草带,两者相间混交,带宽1 m左右。对于条件较好的地段宜果栽果,并改修果树梯田;对15°~20°坡耕地必须进行坡改梯。对坡度较小的坡耕地采取修等高地埂和紫穗槐串带等方法。缓坡地以农业耕作措施为主,主要采取等高耕作,提高抗冲能力增加保水效果。对于凹地采取多种形式治理,如地埂、植物串带、小谷坊等。并建议合理控制过度开发利用,采取有力措施,封山育林,增加林草植被,缓解燃料缺失,控制乱砍滥伐现象的发生。增加投入渠道,加大宣传力度,加强监督与执法力度,有效遏制人为造成新的水土流失。 Soil and water loss in sloping fields in the low mountainous areas is aggravating day by day, which has seriously affected the rural economic development. On the 20 ° ~ 25 ° barren slopes or arable land, all returning farmland to forest and grass still fruit, the implementation of the principle of suitable tree suitable grass, grass and irrigation first row, combined with the grass and shrubs, in the horizontal groove or above the table, planted Broadleaved trees and shrubs mixed forest, in the slope, the preferred planting bushes and grass belt, mixed with each other, with a bandwidth of about 1 m. For the better conditions should be planted fruiting parts, and repair fruit tree terraces; 15 ° ~ 20 ° slope farmland must be changed to slope. On the sloping slope of cultivated land to take other highland 埂 and Amorpha constricta and other methods. Gentle slope to agricultural cultivation measures mainly to contour farming, improve the ability to increase the impact of water retention effect. For concave to take a variety of forms of governance, such as ground 埂, plant string, 小谷坊 and so on. It is also suggested that over-exploitation and utilization should be rationally controlled, effective measures should be taken to close up mountains and plant forests, increase the vegetation of forests and grasslands, ease the fuel shortage and control the deforestation phenomenon. Increase investment channels, step up publicity efforts, strengthen supervision and law enforcement, effectively curb man-made new soil and water loss.