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胃肠道粘膜有一系列有效屏障阻止微生物的入浸和寄居,尤其是胃,尽管胃腔内的低pH以及蛋白水解酶的存在使得胃内环境极差,但是粘膜表层上的一层厚厚的粘性粘液能阻止细菌的移动,且这种粘液中还含有制菌物质。此外,粘液层以及表层上皮细胞定期脱落至酸性胃内容物中然后再排入肠腔,从而也起到了清除细菌的作用。 Finley等认为,一个成功的致病菌首先在于它能进入宿主体内,并找到一个合适的地方隐藏,逃避或削弱宿主的先天性防御机制,并在宿主体内繁殖,
Gastrointestinal mucosa has a series of effective barriers to prevent the infiltration and colonization of microorganisms, especially the stomach, although the low gastric pH and the presence of proteolytic enzymes makes the stomach very poor environment, but the mucosal surface layer of thick Sticky mucus can stop the movement of bacteria, and this mucus also contains bacteria substances. In addition, the mucus layer and the surface of epithelial cells regularly fall off to acidic stomach contents and then discharged into the intestine, which also played a role in bacteria removal. Finley and other believe that a successful pathogen first lies in its ability to enter the host and find a suitable place to hide, evade or weaken the host’s innate defense mechanism and propagation in the host body,