竹枝词文本以民俗生活为主要内容,采撷方言俗语入文,风格谐趣、形式固定,是我国古代较为重要的文献资料来源之一。竹枝词的发展经历了从民歌到风俗诗的演变,其早期以民歌“竹枝”的形式流播于世,后被文人发现、记录并加以润色,逐渐成为文本化的“竹枝词”。宋元以降,吟咏风土人情便已成为竹枝词的主要内容:一方面,用地名冠之竹枝词,使其更具地方特色;另一方面,竹枝词亦被收入地方文献,成为地方文化知识读物。竹枝词保留了丰富的社会生活资料,反映了最为普遍的民众观念,因而具备较大的民俗学研究价值。从梳理竹枝词的发展历史中发现其逐渐被定位为风俗诗的趋势,使得以竹枝词为中心的风俗诗为民俗学所重视,从而最大程度上发挥其作为民俗资料库的价值。 Zhuzhici text takes the folk life as the main content, picks the dialect and the colloquial saying, the style is interesting, the form is fixed, is one of the more important sources of ancient Chinese literature. The development of Zhuzhici has undergone the evolution from folk songs to custom poems. It was mainly distributed in the form of folk songs “bamboo sticks” and later discovered, recorded and polished by literati, and gradually became the textual “Zhuzhici”. Song and Yuan Dynasties, chant local customs and practices have become the main content of Zhuzhici: on the one hand, the Zhuzhici crown with place names, to make it more local characteristics; the other hand, Zhuzhici also received local literature, as local cultural knowledge readings. Zhuzhici retained a wealth of social life information, reflecting the most popular concept of the public, which has greater research value of folklore. From the history of the development of Zhuzhici, it is found that it is gradually becoming a trend of custom poetry, which makes the customs poems centered on Zhuzhici emphasize on folklore, so as to maximize its value as a folklore database.