目的评价细针甲状腺穿刺活检在甲状腺疾病诊断中的价值。方法回顾分析154例患者甲状腺细针穿刺的临床资料及其细胞病理诊断结果。结果 154例中,恶性病变2例(1.3%),可疑恶性病变11例(7.1%),良性病变119例(77.3%),未明确诊断者22例(14.3%)。良性病变中,桥本甲状腺炎41例(34.5%),结节性甲状腺肿24例(20.2%)。诊断为恶性的2例患者,术后组织病理均为甲状腺乳头状癌。结论细针甲状腺穿刺病理检查是甲状腺疾病诊断的可靠方法。 Objective To evaluate the value of fine needle aspiration biopsy in the diagnosis of thyroid disease. Methods Retrospective analysis of 154 cases of thyroid fine needle aspiration of the clinical data and cytopathological diagnosis. Results Of the 154 cases, malignant lesions were found in 2 cases (1.3%), suspicious malignant lesions in 11 cases (7.1%), benign lesions in 119 cases (77.3%), and undetermined diagnosis in 22 cases (14.3%). Among the benign lesions, 41 (34.5%) were Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and 24 (20.2%) were nodular goiter. Two patients were diagnosed as malignant, and histopathology was papillary thyroid carcinoma after operation. Conclusion Fine needle aspiration thyroid biopsy is a reliable method for the diagnosis of thyroid disease.