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庭院空间是中国建筑中最为显现的一种特征,各个时代以及不同地域的建筑都采用了庭院这种形式来组织空间(图1)。同时,庭院还作为室内与室外、单体与群体的纽带而与中国传统建筑的各个方面发生普遍的联系。一、传统庭院的文化渊源与类型中国传统的庭院大约可以分为三种,即家庭、宫庭(朝廷)、园庭,分别代表中国传统中三种文化认同作用于庭而产生的庭院类型——人居类型、公共空间类型和游赏类型。
Patio space is one of the most visible features of Chinese architecture, and the structure of the courtyard has been used to organize space in various times and in various geographical buildings (Figure 1). At the same time, the courtyard has also been in common contact with all aspects of Chinese traditional architecture as a link between indoor and outdoor, individual and group. I. The Cultural Origins and Types of Traditional Courtyard There are about three types of Chinese traditional courtyards: the family, the imperial court (Court) and the garden court, representing the type of courtyard produced by the three cultural identities in the Chinese tradition - - Habitat type, public space type and tour type.