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预示——创设人物的命运之谜在叙事性文学作品里,作者有时会用某种方式把情节的发展演变、人物的遭际结局预先透露出来,这就是预示笔法。金圣叹在评《水浒》时曾提到一种“弄引法”,即着眼于文气的流转,叙事的衔接过渡,把小事、闲文、次要人物作为大事、正文、主要人物的“引子”。使文势不至于过分突兀。毛宗岗也谈到此法:“事有与下文相反者。又有与下文相引者。”“不相反则下文之事不奇,不相引则下文之事不现。可见事之幻、之变者,出人意外,未尝不在人意中。”(《读三国志法》)显然,这里所说的“引”具有预示的含义。鲁迅深知“相引之文”在情节内容上的预现和应验的关系及其特殊的心理效果,在
Prediction - the mystery of the fate of the creation of characters In the narrative literature, the author sometimes in some way the development of the plot evolved, the character of the interlude was revealed in advance, this is the predictive writing. Commenting on Water Margin, Jin Shengtan once mentioned a method of “leading the law”, that is, focusing on the flow of writing style and the transition of the narrative, taking the small, free and minor characters as the “introduction” of major events, . So that Wen potential not too unexpected. Mao Zonggang also talked about this law: “There are things contrary to the following, there are co-cited with the following.” “On the contrary, then the following things are not surprising, not cited the following things are not seen. It is obvious that the ”quotation“ referred to here has the meaning as foreshadowed. Lu Xun knows very well that the relationship between the pre-presentation and the fulfillment of the ”phase-cited article" in the content of the plot and its special psychological effects