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现代自由主义政治理论将公民身份描绘为人的具有人类学意义和形而上学意义的一种优先身份,这种对公民身份的本质主义意义的建构因自由主义道德理想面临的危机而受到了挑战。罗尔斯在《政治自由主义》中提出了一种他称之为公民性责任的政治义务,试图在政治正义的框架之下建构公共理性的规范性公民认同,从而在私人性自我与公共性自我、公民权利与公民性责任之间的动态平衡中,为培育有利于自由民主社会的政治团结的公民文化开拓一条可能的路径。但是,面对当前多元化、全球化和差异化的挑战,显然必须结合更加广泛的政治情感的培育和公共参与,才能包容更多的文化特殊性要求,使得公民认同的建构不仅具备政治学基础,同时也具备稳定的社会心理学基础。
The modern liberal political theory portrays citizenship as a human being’s prerogative of anthropological and metaphysical significance. The construction of the essentialist meaning of citizenship is challenged by the crisis faced by the liberal moral ideal. Rawls put forward a political obligation which he called “civil responsibility” in “Political Liberalism”, attempted to construct the normative citizenship of public reason under the framework of political justice, so that in the process of private self and public self , The dynamic balance between civil rights and civic responsibilities opens up a possible path for fostering a civic culture that is conducive to the political unity of a free and democratic society. However, in face of the current challenges of diversification, globalization and differentiation, it is clear that more cultural specificity needs to be embraced in combination with broader political and emotional cultivation and public participation so that the construction of citizen identity not only has the basis of political science , But also have a stable foundation of social psychology.