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人类免疫缺陷病毒1型(HIV-1)感染无症状期间,一般<1/5000CD4~+T细胞带有HIV-1前病毒。这些细胞大部分为静止细胞,必须激活才产生感染性HIV-1。在体内激活CD4~+T细胞主要与HLAⅡ类分子提呈的抗原肽段反应,但能特异地识别某一肽-HLAⅡ类复合物的T细胞数只有1/10000或更少。葡萄球菌外毒素(SE)是最强的T细胞有丝分裂原之一,已证明SE结合到HLA Ⅱ类分子连接肽沟的外侧,SE刺激有Vβ受体的T细胞达20%之多,故称之“超抗原”。
During the asymptomatic phase of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection, <1 / 5000CD4 + T cells typically harbor the HIV-1 provirus. Most of these cells are quiescent cells that must be activated to produce infectious HIV-1. Activation of CD4 ~ + T cells in vivo mainly reacts with antigenic peptides presented by HLA class II molecules, but specifically recognizes only 1/10000 or fewer T cells of a peptide-HLA class II complex. Staphylococcal exotoxin (SE) is one of the strongest T-cell mitogen. It has been demonstrated that SE binds to the outside of the HLA class II linker peptide groove and that SE stimulates up to 20% of T cells with Vβ receptor, so it is called “Superantigen ”.