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目的了解黔南地区农村女性居民骨质疏松患病现状及其影响因素,为采取相应干预措施提供依据。方法于2014年3月—2015年6月,采用多阶段分层整群随机方法抽取19 973名黔南地区20~75岁农村女性居民进行问卷调查、体格检查和骨密度检查,确诊骨质疏松;采用SAS 9.1软件进行统计学分析。结果 19 973名女性常住居民中,确诊骨质疏松3 392例,患病率为16.98%;20岁~、30岁~、40岁~、50岁~、60岁~、70岁~组骨质疏松患病率分别为4.00%、4.65%、17.12%、23.45%、28.79%及48.97%;布依族患病率为23.42%,苗族为18.21%,水族为12.14%,毛南族为12.56%;不同年龄及民族女性居民患病率差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄50岁~、布依族、生育次数≥3次、绝经年限>15年、居住石板房、喜食腌制食品者是黔南地区农村女性居民患骨质疏松的主要影响因素,体质指数(BMI)≥24.0 kg/m2、饮酒、饮绿茶、喜食大豆类和肉类食品是保护因素。结论黔南地区农村女性居民骨质疏松患病较高,随着年龄的增加患病率有上升趋势;年龄、民族、生育次数、绝经年限、居住环境等是黔南地区农村女性居民患骨质疏松的主要影响因素,BMI、饮酒、饮绿茶、喜食大豆类和肉类食品是保护因素。
Objective To understand the prevalence and influencing factors of osteoporosis among rural female residents in southern Guizhou, and to provide basis for taking corresponding intervention measures. Methods From March 2014 to June 2015, 19 973 rural women aged 20-75 in Qiannan district were surveyed by questionnaires, physical examination and bone mineral density using multi-stage stratified cluster randomized method to diagnose osteoporosis ; Using SAS 9.1 software for statistical analysis. Results Among 19 973 female residents, 3 392 cases of osteoporosis were diagnosed with the prevalence of 16.98%; 20 to 30 years old, 40 years old to 50 years old, 60 years old to 70 years old, The prevalence of osteoporosis was 4.00%, 4.65%, 17.12%, 23.45%, 28.79% and 48.97% respectively. The prevalence of Buyi was 23.42%, that of Miao was 18.21%, that of Aqua was 12.14% and that of Maonan was 12.56% The differences in age and ethnic female residents were statistically significant (both P <0.01). Multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that the age of 50 years old, Buyi, the number of births ≥ 3 times, menopause age> 15 years, living in stone houses, eating pickled foods is Qiannan rural women suffering from bone Loose the main influencing factors, body mass index (BMI) ≥ 24.0 kg / m2, drinking, drinking green tea, eating soy and meat are protective factors. Conclusion The incidence of osteoporosis in female residents in rural areas of Qiannan is relatively high. The prevalence increases with the increase of age. The age, ethnicity, number of births, years of menopause and living environment are the fecundities of rural women in Qiannan area Loose the main influencing factors, BMI, drinking, drinking green tea, eating soy and meat are protective factors.