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目的了解河南省7~9岁儿童第一恒磨牙萌出、患龋、窝沟封闭及龋病充填情况,为促进儿童第一恒磨牙的早预防、早治疗及儿童口腔保健提供依据。方法对2015年中国儿童口腔疾病综合干预项目工作信息管理系统中河南省数据进行统计分析。结果 2015年河南省7~9岁学龄儿童第一恒磨牙萌出率为86.7%,患龋率为26.8%,龋均0.6;患龋儿童已接受充填的有935人,充填率为5.2%。女生第一恒磨牙的患龋率(31.3%)高于男生(23.1%)(χ~2=569.894,P<0.05),城市(32.3%)高于农村(18.0%)(χ~2=1 663.925,P<0.05)。人均窝沟封闭牙数为3.3颗,男生窝沟封闭率(95.1%)低于女生(95.8%)(χ~2=55.083,P<0.05),农村(96.3%)高于城市(94.7%)(χ~2=251.108,P<0.05)。结论河南省7~9岁学龄儿童第一恒磨牙患龋率较高,而充填率相对较低。儿童和家长的口腔保健意识有待进一步提高。
Objective To investigate the eruption of first permanent molars in children aged 7-9 years old in Henan Province, with caries, pit and fissure sequestration and dental caries filling in order to provide evidence for promoting the early prevention and early treatment of children’s first permanent molars and children’s oral health care. Methods A statistical analysis was made on the data of Henan Province in 2015 from the Work Information Management System of China Children’s Comprehensive Disease Intervention. Results The first permanent molars eruption rate was 86.7%, the caries prevalence was 26.8%, and the caries was 0.6 in Henan school-age children aged 7-9 years. In 2015, there were 935 children who received caries and the filling rate was 5.2%. The prevalence of dental caries in the first female molars was 31.3% higher than that of the boys (23.1%) (χ ~ 2 = 569.894, P <0.05) and higher in urban areas (32.3% 663.925, P <0.05). The number of closed dentures in fissure pit per person was 3.3, which was significantly lower in boys (95.1%) than in girls (95.8%) (χ ~ 2 = 55.083, P <0.05) (χ ~ 2 = 251.108, P <0.05). Conclusion The caries prevalence rate of the first permanent molars in Henan school-age children aged 7-9 years old is relatively high while the filling rate is relatively low. Children and parents need to further improve oral health awareness.