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从广义的或语源学的角度讲,文学包括过去流传给我们的任何书面的东西,尤其对于遥远的或鲜为人知的人类文明而言,一条陶制匾额,一片羊皮纸,或是婚约,或商业交易合同,或医疗处方都可以看成是文学。从狭义讲,文学包括以诗歌或高级的散文的形式来表达人们崇高思想或最深刻情感的文学体裁。这样说来文学作品仅仅是指那些在形式或内容方面有美学价值的东西,阿拉伯语中文学这个词(adab)也有这两重含义,然而在这篇文章中,我们谈文学用的是第二种意义。阿拉伯文学,对阿拉伯文化来说是一个里程碑,它不是一个民族的作品,无论是穆斯林还是非穆斯林,是白人还是有色人种,从西班牙到北非,再一直到东亚(到处都有阿拉伯文学),它是最丰实的遗产之一,给波斯文学,突厥文学,乌尔都文学及其他文化打上了深深地烙印。它被称为阿拉伯文学仅仅是由于阿拉伯语是表达文学的媒介。
From a broad or etymological point of view, literature includes anything written in the past that has been passed on to us, especially for far-reaching or little-known human civilizations, a ceramic plaque, a piece of parchment, or a marriage contract, or Commercial transactions contracts, or medical prescriptions can all be considered as literature. In a narrow sense, literature includes literary genres that express people’s lofty thoughts or emotions in the form of poetry or advanced prose. In this sense, literary works refer only to those objects that have aesthetic value in terms of form or content. The adab of Arabic Chinese also has these two meanings. However, in this article, we use literature for the second Meaning. Arabic literature is a milestone for Arab culture. It is not a national work, whether Muslim or non-Muslim, white or colored, from Spain to North Africa and then to East Asia (Arabic literature everywhere) It is one of the richest heritage, deeply imprinting Persian literature, Turkic literature, Urdu literature and other cultures. It is called Arabic literature only because Arabic is the medium of expression of literature.