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众所周知,环境污染是社会热点问题,水体污染是环境污染的一个重要方面。水体污染程度的计算在近年化学竞赛、考试中时有出现,为帮助中学生解决这一疑难,特作以下浅析:水体污染是指排入水体的污染物超过了该物质在水体中的本底含量和水体的环境容量,即超过了水体对污染物的净化能力,因而引起水质恶化,水体生态系统遭到破坏,造成对水生生物及人类生活与生产用水的不良影响。衡量水体污染程度通常是通过测量水体中的溶解氧(DO)、生化需氧量(BOD)、化学需氧量(COD)、总需氧量(TOD)、总有机碳(TOC)。一、溶解氧(DO)溶解氧是指溶解在水中的氧,它是以分子状态存在于水中。水体中的溶解氧越多,表明水质越好。生活饮用水的 DO 值不应低于5 mg/L,鱼类等用水的
As we all know, environmental pollution is a hot issue in society. Water pollution is an important aspect of environmental pollution. In order to help middle school students to solve this problem, the calculation of the degree of pollution of water bodies has emerged in the recent chemical competitions and examinations. The following analysis is specially formulated: Water pollution means that the pollutants discharged into the water body exceed the background of the substance in the water body The content and the environmental capacity of the water body exceed the ability of the water body to purify the pollutants, thereby causing deterioration of the water quality and destruction of the water body ecosystem, resulting in adverse effects on aquatic life, human life and production water. Water pollution is usually measured by measuring DO, BOD, COD, TOD and TOC in water. First, dissolved oxygen (DO) Dissolved oxygen refers to the oxygen dissolved in water, it is in the molecular state exists in the water. The more dissolved oxygen in the water, the better water quality. DO of drinking water should not be lower than 5 mg / L, fish and other water use