论文部分内容阅读
一、直接引语和间接引语：在陈述句中，直接引用说话人原来的语句，称为直接引语。
在书写时，直接引语用引号。用自己的词语来转述表达原来说话人说的内容，称为间接引语。
二、直接引语改变为间接引语：
1、直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时应注意以下各点：
①不用引号，而用连接词that，但有时可省略。
②人称作相应变化；
③主句里的动词如果是过去时，间接引语中的时态一般应作相应改变： 一般现在时变一般过去时；一般将来时变过去将来时；现在进行时变过去进行时；现在完成时变成过去完成时；一般过去时变成过去完成時；但一般过去时如与一个具体的过去时间连用，则时态不变。
如：He says, “I am not from the USA.”→He says that he is not from the USA.
Mr smith said to his girl friend,“ I haven’t seen you for a long time.”
→Mr smith said to his girl friend that he had not seen her for a long time.
2、直接引语如果是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，需用从属连接词whether或if引导，词序要改变。如：Lin tao said to miss Green, “is it made in china?” →Lin tao asked miss Green if it was made in china.
3、直接引语如果是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，需用疑问词引导，词序是：连词 主语 谓语。
如：Lucy said to me, “how can I help?” Lucy asked me how she could help.
4、直接引语如是祈使句，变间接引语时，须将祈使句变为动词不定式，并在动词不定式前用tell，ask，order. 如：He said to the little boy,“ come here, young man!”
→He asked the little boy
在书写时，直接引语用引号。用自己的词语来转述表达原来说话人说的内容，称为间接引语。
二、直接引语改变为间接引语：
1、直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时应注意以下各点：
①不用引号，而用连接词that，但有时可省略。
②人称作相应变化；
③主句里的动词如果是过去时，间接引语中的时态一般应作相应改变： 一般现在时变一般过去时；一般将来时变过去将来时；现在进行时变过去进行时；现在完成时变成过去完成时；一般过去时变成过去完成時；但一般过去时如与一个具体的过去时间连用，则时态不变。
如：He says, “I am not from the USA.”→He says that he is not from the USA.
Mr smith said to his girl friend,“ I haven’t seen you for a long time.”
→Mr smith said to his girl friend that he had not seen her for a long time.
2、直接引语如果是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，需用从属连接词whether或if引导，词序要改变。如：Lin tao said to miss Green, “is it made in china?” →Lin tao asked miss Green if it was made in china.
3、直接引语如果是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，需用疑问词引导，词序是：连词 主语 谓语。
如：Lucy said to me, “how can I help?” Lucy asked me how she could help.
4、直接引语如是祈使句，变间接引语时，须将祈使句变为动词不定式，并在动词不定式前用tell，ask，order. 如：He said to the little boy,“ come here, young man!”
→He asked the little boy