各门艺术类型“之所以有它的确定的性格,是由于它所用的是一种确定的外在材料,以及这种特殊材料所决定的使它得到充分实现的表现方式”(黑格尔语)。文学是语言的艺术,从语言张力切入文学研究不失为一个恰切的角度。 “张力”一词,最早见之于物理学;一九三七年英美新批评派理论家艾伦·退特在 The reason that the various art genres “have their certain character is that it uses a definite extrinsic material and the way in which it is determined to achieve its full realization” (Hegel ). Literature is the art of language. It can be concluded from the tension of language that literary studies are a proper one. The term “tension” was first seen in physics. In 1937, Anglo-Souter, a new Anglo-American critics,