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目的：通过对中国食管癌高发区食管癌组织中癌基因ｒａｓ蛋白的研究，进一步了解不同地区食管癌发生和发展的分子学基础，加深对食管癌变机理的认识。方法：采用卵白素－生物素－辣根过氧化氢酶复合物（ＡＢＣ）方法测定食管癌高发区食管癌组织中癌基因ｒａｓ蛋白的表达状况。结果：在３６例食管癌手术切除标本中，有９例出现免疫阳性反应，其阳性反应率为２５％，同时还发现同一食管癌组织中食管粘膜固有腺体上皮也出现免疫阳性反应，其表达强度高于鳞癌组织。结论：癌基因ｒａｓ表达是食管癌变晚期阶段的一个分子学变化。
OBJECTIVE: To study the oncogene ras protein in esophageal cancer tissues in high incidence areas of esophageal cancer in China, to further understand the molecular basis of the occurrence and development of esophageal cancer in different regions, and to deepen the understanding of esophageal canceration mechanism. METHODS: The expression of oncogene ras protein in esophageal cancer tissues with high incidence of esophageal cancer was determined by ABC method using avidin-biotin-horseradish peroxidase complex (ABC) method. RESULTS: Among the 36 surgical specimens of esophageal carcinoma, 9 cases showed immunopositive reaction, and the positive rate was 25%. At the same time, it was also found that the esophageal mucosa in the same esophageal carcinoma also showed positive immunoreactivity in the esophageal mucosal glandular epithelium. Intensity is higher than squamous cell carcinoma. Conclusion: The expression of oncogene ras is a molecular change in the advanced stage of esophageal carcinogenesis.