变应性鼻炎在儿童时期最常见。据欧美一些国家报导,约占人口总数的5～10％,儿童发病率为20％。作者最近在1620名学龄儿童中调查,为23％。Holopainen(1979)检查770名有变态反应的儿童。其变应原32％为草木类植物,44％为屋尘,90％为霉菌,15％为动物皮屑。作者所见亦相似,36％为草木植物,12.5％为Parietaria officinalis,33％为皮癣螨。至于食物变应原问题尚有争论,作者认为不能排除,特别是在儿童。儿童罹患本病,由于不引起严重症状及残疾,常被父母及医生忽视。现代社会生活容易发生空气污染,包括各种变应原。所以,本病在经济发达国家增加是不足为奇的。其它因素如化妆品的气雾,抽烟,心理因素及紧张与长期住院者,尤其年青人,麻醉品吸入及特发性的稀有原素缺乏症等。 Allergic rhinitis is most common in childhood. According to some countries in Europe and the United States, it accounts for about 5% to 10% of the total population and the incidence of children is 20%. The authors recently surveyed 1620 school-age children at 23%. Holopainen (1979) examined 770 children with allergies. The allergen 32% for the grass plants, 44% of housing dust, 90% of mold, animal dander 15%. The authors also found similar, 36% of vegetation, 12.5% ​​of Parietaria officinalis, 33% of psoriatic mites. As for the issue of food allergens, there is still controversy, which the author believes can not be ruled out, especially in children. Children suffering from this disease, because it does not cause serious symptoms and disability, often overlooked by parents and doctors. Modern society is prone to air pollution, including various allergens. Therefore, it is not surprising that this disease has increased in economically developed countries. Other factors such as cosmetic aerosols, smoking, psychological factors and stress and prolonged hospital stays, especially among young people, narcotic inhalation and idiopathic rare-factor-deficiency syndrome.