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建立了使用苯并吖啶酮-5-乙酸酰肼作为衍生试剂结合高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测地表水中11种醛类化合物的分析方法，采用了响应面优化法对衍生条件进行优化。使用标准加入法计算检出限，各目标物的检出限范围为0.21~0.58μg·L-1。测试了地表水中目标物质的加标回收和精密度，回收率范围为95.8%~102.7%，RSD范围为2.06%~3.80%。“,”An analytic method was built to detect 11 kinds of aldehyde compounds in surface water. In this method, 2-(12-benzo[b]acridin-5-(12H)-yl)-acetohydrazide was used as derivatization reagent to combine with high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Derivative conditions and chromatographic separation conditions were optimized, after column online mass spectrometry was achieved through response surface methodology. Detection limit was calculated by standard addition method. The LOD range of each target object is 0.21~0.58μg·L-1. We tested standard recovery and precision of target objects in surface water. The range of per-cent recovery is 95.8%~102.7%. The range of RSD is 2.06%~3.80%.