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目的了解我市2001年至2011年出生缺陷发生的基本动态,研究和探讨引起出生缺陷发生的危险因素,为我市今后出生缺陷监测、预防干预提供理论依据。方法我院11年间共监测围产儿8 151例,收集142例出生缺陷儿的出生缺陷流行病学调研资料,并对资料进行归纳整理。结果 11年间我市出生缺陷发生率17.4‰。出生缺陷顺位前6位的是先天性脑积水、唇腭裂、马蹄足内翻、多指(趾)、先天性心脏病、唇裂。城镇、乡村出生缺陷率差异有统计学意义(10.8‰vs 32.6‰,P<0.05);年龄≥35岁产妇出生缺陷率显著高于<35岁产妇(43.7‰vs 15.7‰);男性出生缺陷率显著高于女性(19.0‰vs 15.5‰)。结论加强优生优育的宣传教育,围婚期增补叶酸,科学用药,选择最佳受孕期,孕早期避免不良因素影响,并加强出生缺陷的监测与预防干预,可提高出生人口素质。
Objective To understand the basic dynamics of birth defects in our city from 2001 to 2011, to study and explore the risk factors that cause birth defects, and to provide a theoretical basis for the future monitoring and prevention of birth defects in our city. Methods A total of 8 151 cases of perinatal children were monitored during the 11 years in our hospital. Epidemiological survey data of 142 birth defects children were collected, and the data were summarized. Results 11 years the incidence of birth defects in our city 17.4 ‰. The top 6 birth defects are congenital hydrocephalus, cleft lip and palate, clubfoot varus, multiple fingers (toe), congenital heart disease, cleft lip. The birth defect rate in urban and rural areas was statistically significant (10.8 ‰ vs 32.6 ‰, P <0.05). The birth defect rate of women aged 35 or older was significantly higher than that of women <35 (43.7 ‰ vs 15.7 ‰). The birth defect rate Significantly higher than women (19.0 ‰ vs 15.5 ‰). Conclusion To strengthen the publicity and education of prenatal and postnatal care, add folic acid during the period of marriage, scientific medication, choose the best period of conception and avoid the adverse factors in the first trimester, and strengthen the monitoring and prevention intervention of birth defects to improve the quality of the birth population.