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目的 探讨提高结直肠癌区域淋巴结阳性检出率的方法及其意义。方法 分别采用淋巴结分离液查找区域淋巴结和应用逆转录聚合酶链反应 (RT- PCR)扩增角蛋白 19(K19)，对 25例结直肠癌患者 242个区域淋巴结进行重新分析和检测。结果 13例结直肠癌患者区域淋巴结经淋巴结分离液处理，查找淋巴结数量由 124个增至 147个； 12例结直肠癌患者 84个病理检查未发现转移的淋巴结中经 RT- PCR检测有 8个存在微转移。结论 利用淋巴结分离液可检出更多的结直肠癌区域淋巴结； RT- PCR方法是发现淋巴结微转移灶的一种敏感方法。两者结合可准确对结直肠癌患者进行分期，判断预后，指导治疗。
Objective To explore the method and significance of increasing the positive rate of regional lymph node detection in colorectal cancer. Methods Lymph node separation was used to find regional lymph nodes and RT-PCR was used to amplify keratin 19 (K19). Reanalysis and detection of 242 lymph nodes in 25 patients with colorectal cancer were performed. Results The regional lymph nodes of 13 patients with colorectal cancer were treated with lymph node separation solution. The number of lymph nodes was increased from 124 to 147; 12 of 84 patients with colorectal cancer did not find lymph node metastasis. 8 of them were detected by RT-PCR. There is micro transfer. Conclusion Lymph node dissection can detect more lymph nodes in colorectal cancer; RT-PCR is a sensitive method to find micrometastases in lymph nodes. The combination of the two can accurately classify patients with colorectal cancer, determine the prognosis, and guide treatment.