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从管理学理论发展的角度,分析了管理理论建构的两种基本方式,基于现有经典文献,系统回顾了管理研究中研究者建构新理论和完善理论的过程与方法。分析表明,建构新理论涉及问题界定、答案搜索、详细阐述和成果呈现四个主要过程,理论完善可通过单一理论的完善和理论间的竞争与整合实现,完整的理论建构是在建构新理论与完善理论之间进行的循环过程,同时也是社会建构的过程。管理研究中理论建构的有效开展需要研究者具有现实问题意识、扎实的理论建构方法训练,积极构建学术共同体并鼓励和包容不同类型的学术成果。
From the perspective of the development of management theory, this paper analyzes two basic approaches to the construction of management theory. Based on the existing literature, the author systematically reviews the process and methods of constructing new theories and improving theories in management research. The analysis shows that the construction of a new theory involves the definition of the problem, the search of the answers, the detailed explanation and the presentation of the results. The improvement of the theory can be achieved through the perfection of the single theory and the competition and integration among the theories. The complete theoretical construction is the construction of new theories and Improve the cycle of theory between the process, but also the process of social construction. The effective construction of the theoretical construction in management research requires that the researcher has the awareness of realistic problems and a solid training in theoretical construction methods, actively builds an academic community and encourages and accommodates different types of academic achievements.