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硼不仅是植物生长必的营养元素,也可减少和降低植物病害的发生。本文总结了硼抑制植物病害发生的作用机制:参与植物细胞壁和膜形成,增强植物细胞稳定性;诱导植物产生系统获得性抗性;诱导植物细胞产生适量的酚类和过氧化物;抑制病原菌菌丝生长,扭曲病原菌菌丝结构形态;破坏病原菌活性氧代谢系统,加快膜脂过氧化作用;与生防菌协同控制植物病害发生等。另外,还探讨了矿质元素防治植物病害可能存在的问题以及应用前景,以期为进一步的研究提供参考。
Boron is not only a necessary nutrient for plant growth but also reduces and reduces the occurrence of plant diseases. This paper summarizes the mechanisms by which boron inhibits plant diseases: participating in plant cell wall and membrane formation, enhancing plant cell stability, inducing plant-derived systemic acquired resistance, inducing plant cells to produce appropriate amounts of phenols and peroxides, and inhibiting pathogens Silk growth, distortion of mycelial structure of pathogenic bacteria; destruction of pathogen active oxygen metabolism system to speed up the membrane lipid peroxidation; and biocontrol bacteria plant disease control and so on. In addition, the potential problems and potential applications of mineral elements in controlling plant diseases were also discussed in order to provide reference for further research.