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通过异源精子冷休克技术获得翘嘴鲌减数分裂雌核发育一代(meio-G1)、减数分裂雌核发育二代(meio-G2),以太湖野生翘嘴鲌(Culter alburnus Basilewsky)为对照群体,采用微卫星(SSR)标记和随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)标记分析了3个群体的遗传特征。SSR结果显示,12个微卫星位点在meio-G1、meio-G2和对照组3个群体中,分别扩增到38、16和47个等位基因,平均等位基因数为3.166 7、1.333 3和3.916 7,平均观测杂合度(Ho)分别为0.430 6、0.333 3和0.675 0,平均纯合度分别为0.569 4、0.666 7和0.325 0。3个群体内个体间的平均遗传相似系数分别为0.543 0、1.000 0和0.571 9;聚类分析结果表明,meio-G1和对照组聚为一支,meio-G2单独聚为另一支。RAPD结果显示,14个引物在3个群体中检测到的位点数分别为74、61和64,3个群体的多态位点比例分别为63.51%、0和51.56%,按照Nei’s指数统计的3个群体的遗传相似度分别为0.801 8、1和0.846 0,meio-G2的基因组DNA同质性远高于meio-G1和对照组。两种分子标记结果均表明,meio-G2的纯合度、个体间的遗传相似系数均高于meio-G1和对照组,且个体间的基因型完全一致,是良好的育种材料。
(Meio-G1), meio-G2, and Culter alburnus Basilewsky in Taihu Lake were obtained by cryopreservation of heterologous sperm In the control population, the genetic characteristics of the three populations were analyzed using microsatellite (SSR) markers and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. The results of SSR showed that 12 microsatellite loci were amplified to 38, 16 and 47 alleles in meio-G1, meio-G2 and control groups respectively, and the average number of alleles was 3.166 7 and 1.333 3 and 3.916 7. The average observed heterozygosities (Ho) were 0.430 6, 0.333 3 and 0.675 0, respectively, and the average homozygosity was 0.569 4, 0.666 7 and 0.325, respectively. The average genetic similarity coefficient among the three groups was 0.543 0, 1.000 0 and 0.571 9, respectively. The results of cluster analysis showed that meio-G1 and control group clustered into one and meio-G2 clustered into the other. The results of RAPD showed that the number of loci detected by 14 primers was 74, 61 and 64 respectively in 3 populations, and the proportions of polymorphic loci in 3 populations were 63.51%, 0 and 51.56% respectively. According to Nei’s index 3 The genetic similarity of each population was 0.801 8,1 and 0.846 0, respectively. The genomic DNA homogeneity of meio-G2 was much higher than that of meio-G1 and control. The results of the two molecular markers showed that the homozygosity of meio-G2 and the genetic similarity coefficient between individuals were higher than that of meio-G1 and control group, and the genotypes of the individuals were exactly the same, which was a good breeding material.