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为了明确三峡库区玉米地方品种育种潜势,以三峡库区常用的7个玉米自交系为测验种,采用NCⅡ设计,对三峡库区14个玉米地方品种的配合力以及主要性状遗传参数进行了分析。结果表明,‘文峰白玉米’、‘大寨玉米’、‘太阳河白玉米’在单株产量、穗长、穗粗、穗行数、行粒数、百粒重上具有较高的一般配合力。‘文峰白玉米’、‘大寨玉米’在改善株型、提高产量有更为突出的表现。不同性状SCA效应值变幅差异较大,其中单株产量变幅最大,为-25.48%～30.47%。所有性状中,亲本的基因加性效应均对F1性状形成起主导作用;穗长、穗粗、行数等7个性状广义遗传力和狭义遗传力均较高,可在早代进行选择;秃尖长、单株产量的广义遗传力较高,但狭义遗传力较低,不宜过早进行选择。
In order to clarify the breeding potential of maize landraces in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, seven maize inbred lines commonly used in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area were used as test species. The combining ability of 14 maize landraces and the genetic parameters of the main traits in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area Analysis. The results showed that ’Wenfeng white corn’, ’Dazhai corn’ and ’sun river white corn’ had the highest average yield per plant, spike length, ear diameter, ear number per row, grain number per line, Cooperation ability. ’Wenfeng white corn’, ’Dazhai corn’ in improving the plant type, increase production has a more prominent performance. The SCA effect values of different traits varied greatly, of which the maximum yield per plant was -25.48% -30.47%. In all traits, the gene additive effect of parents played a leading role in the formation of F1 trait. Seven traits including spike length, ear width and number of rows had higher general heritability and narrow heritability, which could be selected in early generation. Long pointed, broad-spectrum heritability per plant yield higher, but the narrow sense of heritability is low, should not be too early to choose.