［ 背景］ 临床上有时把由气管疾病引起的症状性哮喘误诊为支气管哮喘．［ 病例报告］６ 例气管疾病都以气喘为主要症状，双肺可闻及吸气和呼气性哮鸣音，吸气时更为明显，临床上误诊为支气管哮喘，误诊时间为２ 个月～２ 年．６ 例气管疾病中气管内膜结核３ 例、鳞状上皮细胞癌２ 例、腺瘤１例．［ 讨论］ 气管疾病中，内膜结核及恶性肿瘤多见，引起气管狭窄、阻塞，出现气喘，临床上易误诊为支气管哮喘，应引起临床医师的重视． [Background] Clinically, symptomatic asthma caused by tracheal diseases is sometimes misdiagnosed as bronchial asthma. [Case report] 6 cases of tracheal diseases are the main symptoms of asthma, lungs can be heard and inspiratory wheezing and wheeze, inspiratory more obvious clinical misdiagnosis as bronchial asthma, misdiagnosis time of 2 months ~ 2 years. There were 6 cases of endotracheal tuberculosis in tracheal disease, 2 cases of squamous cell carcinoma and 1 case of adenoma. [Discussion] tracheal disease, endometrial tuberculosis and malignant tumors more common, causing tracheal stenosis, obstruction, asthma, clinically misdiagnosed as bronchial asthma, should be of great concern to clinicians.