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口服维甲酸的主要副作用与慢性维生素甲过多综合症相同,其中最常见的是眼的副作用。现分述如下:①睑结膜炎:是最常见的副作用,并与剂量有关。其症状有:灼热感、痒感、充血、刺激感、睑结痂、晨起睑粘连、畏光及视力模糊等。体征有:睑脱屑、睑板腺炎或睑板腺阻塞、睑缘血管扩张、眦部睑炎、结膜乳头肥大、角膜炎及边缘性角膜溃疡等。治疗原则:清洁卫生、热敷及局部应用抗生素等。对治疗无效的病例则应减量或停用维甲酸。②干眼症:维甲酸可引起脂质产生减少,泪液膜脂质含量降低,致泪液分解和蒸发加速;泪液产量亦减少;可伴有与睑结膜炎一致的症状。其体征有:泪液减少或缺乏、粘液丝、球结膜充血、泪膜呈碎屑。结膜与角膜上皮以及角膜上皮纤维孟加拉玫瑰
The main side effects of oral retinoic acid and chronic vitamin A syndrome are the same, the most common of which is eye side effects. Are as follows: ① Conjunctivitis: is the most common side effects, and with the dose. The symptoms are: burning sensation, itching, congestion, irritation, eyelid scab, morning eyelid adhesion, photophobia and blurred vision and so on. Signs are: eyelid scaling, meibomian glands or meibomian gland obstruction, eyelid vasodilation, pterygium blepharitis, conjunctival papilla hypertrophy, keratitis and marginal corneal ulcers and so on. Treatment principles: clean, hot and topical antibiotics. Treat ineffective cases should be reduced or disabled retinoic acid. ② dry eye: retinoic acid can cause decreased lipid production, tear film lipid content decreased, resulting in tear decomposition and accelerated evaporation; tear yield also reduced; may be associated with the symptoms of conjunctivitis consistent. The signs are: reduced or lack of tear, mucus, conjunctival hyperemia, tear film was crumbs. Conjunctival and corneal epithelial as well as corneal epithelial fibers bengal rose