中国古代语言学和西方意义上的语言学是不同的,就像王力先生所说的中国古代语言学实际上是语文学也就是以文字为中心和重点的学科研究。本文受到历来研究者关于象形字与指事字孰先孰后争论的启发,受戴震先生影响认为二者同时出现,并且都属于象形字,只是在图画性和文字符号的抽象性程度上有所差别进而细分成为图画象形和指事象形。 Chinese ancient linguistics differs from western linguistics in the sense that, as Mr. Wang Li put it, Chinese ancient linguistics is actually linguistics, which is literary centered and focused disciplinary research. This paper is inspired by the controversy over the prior and later debate between pictographs and fingerprints by the researchers. Influenced by Dai Zhen, both of them appear at the same time, and all belong to the pictographic characters only in the degree of the abstractness of pictorial and written symbols The difference is then subdivided into pictorial and instrumental pictographs.