人是天生的社会动物,群居生活促成了社会成员之间的交往与交换。平衡的交换会促进社会合作的扩大和交往的扩展,不平衡的交换可能使合作与交往瓦解的危险,于是权力应运而生以维护社会合作与社会交往。作为为社会成员提供公共服务的公共权力同样是由交换的不平衡形成的并有其特点、效力与边界,对公共权力的限制是为了平衡交换和维持合作。公共权力产生的目的是为社会成员提供公共服务和公共产品,那么公共权力行使的范围也应该局限于此。 Human beings are born social animals, social life contributed to social interaction and exchange among members. A balanced exchange will promote the expansion of social cooperation and the expansion of exchanges. The imbalance of exchange may jeopardize the collapse of cooperation and exchanges. Therefore, power emerges in order to maintain social cooperation and social interaction. Public power, which provides public services to members of the community, is likewise formed by imbalances of exchanges and has its own characteristics, effects and boundaries. The limitation on public power is to balance exchange and maintain cooperation. The purpose of public power is to provide public services and public goods to members of society, so the scope of the exercise of public power should be limited to this.