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目的比较朱砂和万氏牛黄清心丸(含朱砂的成方制剂)对大鼠的亚急性肝毒性。方法分别以溶剂(0.5%羧甲基纤维素钠水溶液)、1.0 g/(kg·d)朱砂、9.83 g/(kg·d)万氏牛黄清心丸[全方,含朱砂1.0 g/kg]、8.83 g/(kg·d)去朱砂的万氏牛黄清心丸(去朱砂方)对健康SD大鼠ig给药,每天1次,连续28 d。给药结束后次日取血液和肝脏,检测血汞、肝汞水平,检测血清肝功能指标,进行肝组织病理学观察。结果朱砂组血汞、肝汞和血清总蛋白(TP)水平高于对照(溶剂)组、全方组和去朱砂方组(P<0.05);光镜下,朱砂组可见轻度的肝细胞肿胀、空泡变性、炎症细胞浸润等病理改变,全方组和去朱砂方组可见色素沉积,病变轻微,偶见肝细胞肿胀、空泡变性。结论短期过量使用朱砂可引起肝汞蓄积和轻微肝损伤,万氏牛黄清心丸引起的肝汞蓄积量和亚急性肝损伤轻于单味朱砂,方中其他中药可能对朱砂起到减毒作用。
Objective To compare the subacute hepatotoxicity of cinnabar and Wan’s Niuhuang Qingxin Pills (containing cinnabar) in rats. Methods Wulianghuang Wanxin (containing 1.0% sodium carboxymethylcellulose aqueous solution), 1.0 g / (kg · d) cinnabar, 9.83 g / (kg · d) , 8.83 g / (kg · d) to cinnabar Wan’s Bei Qing Xin Wan (to cinnabar) ig administration to healthy SD rats once a day for 28 days. Blood and liver were taken on the next day after the administration, blood mercury and liver mercury levels were measured, serum liver function indexes were measured, and liver histopathology was observed. Results The levels of blood mercury, hepatic mercury and serum total protein (TP) in the cinnabar group were higher than those in the control group (solvent group), the complete group and the cinnabar group (P <0.05). Under light microscope, mild hepatocytes Swelling, vacuolar degeneration, infiltration of inflammatory cells and other pathological changes, the whole group and to cinnabar Fang visible pigmentation, mild lesions, occasionally hepatocyte swelling, vacuolar degeneration. Conclusion Short-term overuse of cinnabar can cause hepatic mercury accumulation and slight liver damage. Wanxiuhuanghuangqingxin-induced hepatic mercury accumulation and subacute hepatic injury are lighter than monosodium glutamate. Other herbs in the prescription may play an attenuating effect on cinnabar.