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在化学竞赛有关机理的问题中,很多涉及碳正离子,常见的考查方式有碳正离子稳定性的判断与应用、碳正离子为中间体的反应的产物推测、碳正离子历程的反应机理书写等.笔者拟通过近年来的几道全国赛题对碳正离子有关的问题做简要的介绍.1与碳正离子稳定性有关的问题例1(2013年中国化学奥林匹克决赛)下列化合物在酸性条件下最难发生水解的是().醚的酸性水解为单分子亲核取代(SN1)的碳正离子机理,醚在酸性条件下质子化后形成
Many of the questions about the mechanism of chemical competition relate to carbon positive ions. The common test methods include the judgment and application of the stability of carbon positive ions, the reaction products of carbon positive ions as intermediates, and the reaction mechanism of carbon positive ions Etc. The author intends to briefly introduce the issues related to carbon-cations through several national competitions in recent years.1 Problems related to the stability of carbon-positive ions Example 1 (2013 China Chemical Olympiad Final) The following compounds were tested under acidic conditions Under the most difficult hydrolysis occurs (). The acidic hydrolysis of ethers to monomolecular nucleophilic substitution (SN1) of the carbocation mechanism, the ether formed under acidic protonation