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黑粘上是一种低产土壤,主要分布在鲁西南地区。因地势浅平低洼、排水不畅和受古老内陆湖泊沉积物的影响,土壤又可分砂姜黑土、黑立土、黑马肝土等,约占该地区总耕地面积的31.1％。这种黑粘土的物理性状很差,遇水极粘,见风便干,失水后容易形成坷垃,难耕难耙,肥力较低,产量不高。近几年来,随着农田基本建设的开展,修建排水系统和发展井灌,初步解除了黑粘土地春旱秋涝的威胁。这种土壤扩种棉田后,由于土壤粘、板、僵、瘦,不仅保苗困难,还影响苗期的发棵以及后期的生长。因此,探讨该种棉田土壤的利用改良途径,对于提高棉花单位面积产量及改善其品质,具有重要的生产意义。
Black sticky is a low-yielding soil, mainly in the southwestern region. Due to the shallow terrain, poor drainage and the influence of ancient inland lake sediments, the soil can be divided into shale black soil, black soil, dark horse liver soil, accounting for about 31.1% of the total cultivated land in the area. The physical properties of this black clay is poor, extremely sticky water, see the wind will dry, easy to form after dehydration, hard harrow hard rake, low fertility, yield is not high. In recent years, with the development of farmland infrastructures, the construction of drainage systems and the development of well irrigation have initially lifted the threat of spring drought and flood in black clay. After this kind of soil is expanded cotton field, soil sticking, slab, stiff, thin not only make seedling difficult, but also affect seedling’s growth and later growth. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore ways to improve the utilization of soils in cotton so as to improve cotton yield per unit area and improve its quality.