本文通过对116例急性上消化道出血病因分析，发现非老年组主要病因是十二指肠溃疡，老年组主要病因是胃溃疡，两组比较差异有显著性，P＜0.01。其次是胃肿瘤和食道静脉曲张、急性胃粘膜炎。认为对病因未明的上消化道出血，可先按消化性溃疡出血治疗，指出在出血12～24小时内急诊胃镜检查，有利于明确病因及作内镜下止血治疗，对提高上消化道出血诊治水平有实际意义。 In this paper, 116 cases of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding etiology analysis found that the main cause of non-elderly group of duodenal ulcer, the main cause of elderly patients with gastric ulcer, the difference between the two groups was significant (P <0.01). Followed by gastric cancer and esophageal varices, acute gastric mucositis. That unknown etiology of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, peptic ulcer bleeding may be the first treatment, pointed out that within 12 to 24 hours of bleeding emergency gastroscopy is conducive to a clear cause and for endoscopic treatment of hemostasis, to improve the diagnosis and treatment of upper gastrointestinal bleeding Level of practical significance.