要了解盐土的化学性质,需要土壤溶液化学和土壤提取液方面的精确知识。尤其感兴趣的是离子和离子对在不同阳、阴离子之间相互作用的行为。在近期的几篇文章中报导了将离子对的概念广泛应用于计算离子活度,石膏和方解石的溶解度及描述Na—Ca在土壤中的交换。离子对的概念最近已由Alzubaidi和Webeter(1983)用来表征碱化土壤的特性和用于碱化土壤的改良。为了应用这个概念来表征伊拉克的盐土,从 To understand the chemical nature of saline soil, accurate knowledge of soil solution chemistry and soil extract is required. Of particular interest are the interactions of ions and ion pairs between different positive and negative ions. In several recent articles, the concept of ion pairs has been widely used to calculate ion activity, solubility of gypsum and calcite, and to describe the exchange of Na-Ca in soil. The concept of ion pairs has recently been used by Alzubaidi and Webeter (1983) to characterize the properties of alkalized soils and to improve alkalized soils. In order to apply this concept to characterize the salinities of Iraq,