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用室内模拟培育试验,研究了普钙、磷酸二铵、硝酸磷肥型复肥在吉林省4种主要耕地土壤中的固定状况。结果确定,土壤对磷肥中有效磷固定主要发生在施后1个月或10天这段时间内。4种土壤中以白浆土和草甸黑土固磷作用较强,轻碱土特别是石灰性黄砂土固磷较轻,在180天培育时间内,石灰性黄砂土中存留的NaHCO_3溶性磷始终要比白浆土中高1倍左右。3种类型磷肥施入后虽都能明显地提高土壤中有效磷浓度,但其中以普钙较高,磷酸二铵稍次,硝酸磷肥型复肥较差。于土中添加1％硝基腐殖酸铵,在腐殖质含量低的石灰性黄砂土和白浆土中有一定程度减轻磷固定的作用。
In this study, indoor simulated incubation experiments were conducted to study the immobilization of P and Ca, DAP, and NPK fertilizers in four major cultivated soils in Jilin Province. The results confirmed that the soil phosphorus in the effective fixation of phosphorus occurs mainly in 1 month or 10 days after the application of this time. Among four kinds of soils, the phosphorus fixation of albic soil and meadow black soil was stronger, and the phosphorus fixation of light alkaline earth, especially calcareous yellow sand, was lighter. During the incubation period of 180 days, the residual NaHCO 3 soluble phosphorus in calcareous yellow sand was always About 1 times higher than the white soil. Although the application of three types of P fertilizer could obviously increase the available phosphorus in the soil, it was higher in P-Ca, slightly diammonium phosphate and less in nitrophosphate-type compound fertilizer. The addition of 1% NH4 (NH4) 2 NH4 (SO4) 2SO4 in the soil reduced the immobilization of phosphorus to a certain degree in calcareous sandy loam and albic soil with low humus content.