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中国西北贺兰山以西,昆仑山以北广为分布的内陆盆地,是亚洲中部干旱地区的一部分。这个地区年降水量一般低於百毫米,蒸发度在1500～2000毫米以上,地表水资源不足,在很大程度上影响着工、农业的发展。新中国成立后,为适应国民经济建设的需要,从五十年代起开展系统的地下水普查与勘探和某些专题研究工作,解决了很多地区农田灌溉、牧饮水、城市与工矿供水以及盐卤水综合利用等问题,中国人民改天换地的生产斗争实践促进了水文地质工作的发展,本文根据已累积的资料,侧重对地下淡水分布规律及其在农业上的利用问题,作一概括的介绍。
A widely distributed inland basin to the north of the Helan Mountains and north of the Kunlun Mountains in northwestern China is part of arid areas in central Asia. Annual precipitation in this area is generally lower than 100 millimeters, with an evaporation above 1500-2000 millimeters and insufficient surface water resources, which greatly affect the development of agriculture and industry. After the founding of New China, in order to meet the needs of national economic construction, systematic groundwater surveys and exploration and some special studies have been carried out since the 1950s to solve the problems of farmland irrigation, animal husbandry, drinking water supply, urban and industrial water supply and salt brine synthesis in many areas Utilization and other issues, the practice of the Chinese people in changing their land for production promotion of hydrogeological work has promoted the development of hydrogeological work. Based on the accumulated data, this paper gives a general introduction of the laws governing the distribution of underground fresh water and its utilization in agriculture.