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采用有机物料添加、土壤灌水和表土覆盖相结合的土壤生物消毒方法来防控甘肃省中部沿黄灌区马铃薯连作障碍,系统性地评估生物消毒对连作马铃薯块茎产量、植株生长发育及土传病害抑制、微生物区系和酶活性等土壤生化性质的影响.结果表明:生物消毒处理比对照块茎产量和植株生物量分别显著增加16.1%和30.8%,植株发病率和病薯率分别下降68.0%和46.7%.生物消毒处理显著提高了连作马铃薯叶绿素含量和主茎分枝数,改善了根系形态结构.在播前土壤生物消毒处理过程中,土壤p H值和细菌/真菌显著增加,真菌和镰刀菌数量大幅度下降,而细菌和放线菌数量则变化不明显.在马铃薯各生育时期,生物消毒处理土壤真菌数量均远低于对照,镰刀菌数量也低于对照,但随着生育进程的推进,镰刀菌数量呈现逐渐回升的趋势.无论是在生物消毒处理过程中还是马铃薯整个生育期,生物消毒处理的土壤相关酶活性与对照相比变化均不明显.总体上,土壤生物消毒的方法在克服马铃薯连作障碍上具有较大的应用潜力.
Soil biological disinfection method, which is a combination of organic material addition, soil irrigation and topsoil covering, is used to prevent and control potato continuous cropping obstacles along the Yellow River Irrigation Area in central Gansu province. The effects of biological disinfection on potato tuber yield, plant growth and development and soil-borne diseases are systematically evaluated , Microbial flora and enzyme activity were studied.The results showed that the biological disinfection treatment significantly increased the tuber yield and plant biomass by 16.1% and 30.8% respectively, and the plant incidence and the disease rate decreased by 68.0% and 46.7% respectively % .Biological disinfection significantly increased the chlorophyll content and the number of main stem branches of continuous cropping pot and improved the morphological and morphological structure of roots.The soil p H values and bacteria / fungi significantly increased during the soil biological disinfection before sowing, while fungi and Fusarium While the number of bacteria and actinomycetes changed little.During the period of potato growth, the number of soil fungi of biological disinfection was much lower than that of the control, and the number of Fusarium was also lower than that of the control, but with the progress of fertility, , The number of Fusarium showed a gradual upward trend.Either in the biological disinfection process or the entire potato fertility Compared with the control, the activity of soil-related enzymes in the period of biological disinfection had no obvious changes compared with the control.Overall, the methods of soil biological disinfection had great potential in overcoming obstacles of potato continuous cropping.