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目的了解流动学龄前儿童的气质类型、行为问题在不同性别、年龄段中的分布情况及母亲人格与儿童行为问题的关系。方法采用《Conner’s教师问卷量表》、《Conner’s父母问卷量表》、《3~7岁儿童气质量表》及《成人艾森克人格问卷》对乌鲁木齐市3个区4所幼儿园进行测查。结果学龄前儿童气质类型分布男女差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),行为问题发生率无性别差异;不同气质类型儿童在品行问题、学习问题两因子得分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),在冲动-多动、心身障碍、多动指数、焦虑4个因子得分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。母亲人格类型与儿童气质的比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),不同气质特征与品行问题的比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论儿童气质类型与品行问题的发生有关,母亲人格特征与儿童气质类型有差异。
Objective To understand the temperament types of migrant preschool children, the distribution of behavioral problems in different genders and age groups, and the relationship between mothers’ personality and children’s behavioral problems. Methods Four kindergartens in three districts of Urumqi were surveyed using Conner’s Teacher Questionnaire, Conner’s Parents Questionnaire, Children 3-7 Years of Childhood Quality Scale and Adult Eysenck Personality Questionnaire. Results There was no significant difference in the distribution of temperament among preschool children (P> 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of behavioral problems among children of different temperament types. There was significant difference in scores between two groups ). There was no significant difference among the four factors in impulse-hyperactivity, psychosomatic impairment, hyperactivity index and anxiety (P> 0.05). There were significant differences in the personality types and the temperament of the children between the two groups (P <0.05). There were significant differences between the temperament characteristics and the conduct problems (P <0.01). Conclusion The types of children’s temperament are related to the occurrence of conduct problems. The differences between the personality traits of mothers and the types of children’s temperament are different.