白血病是小儿时期最常见的恶性肿瘤之一。随着化疗强度的增加,小儿白血病的缓解率明显提高,患儿无病生存时间显著延长,然而其医院内感染却日渐增多[1]。因感染而死亡是白血病患儿住院死亡的主要原因之一,因此,加强对白血病患儿医院内感染的认识,预防和控制医院内感染已成为进一 Leukemia is one of the most common malignancies in childhood. With the increase of chemotherapy intensity, the remission rate of pediatric leukemia was significantly increased, and the disease-free survival time was significantly prolonged in children. However, the incidence of nosocomial infections was steadily increasing [1]. Mortality due to infection is one of the major causes of hospitalized death in children with leukemia, therefore, strengthening awareness of nosocomial infections in children with leukemia, prevention and control of nosocomial infections has become a