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为了研究不同耕作方式对土壤理化性状和玉米产量及经济效益的影响,通过传统翻耕、浅旋根茬还田常规播种和机械灭茬免耕播种3种耕作方式对玉米田土壤水分、土壤速效养分、玉米产量性状及产量和经济效益影响的比较,明确了不同耕作措施对玉米田土壤理化性状和玉米产量的影响。结果表明:机械灭茬免耕播种和浅旋根茬还田常规播种的出苗率、不同土层含水量、玉米产量性状、单位产量及总收益均高于传统翻耕,且浅旋根茬还田常规播种和机械灭茬免耕播种的出苗率比传统翻耕高3.3%和7.8%,不同层次土壤含水量、土壤养分的大小顺序均为机械灭茬免耕播种>浅旋根茬还田常规播种>传统翻耕,机械灭茬免耕播种和浅旋根茬还田常规播种处理的玉米产量比分别高9.01%和3.23%,纯收入比CK增加4305元/hm2和1965元/hm2,即分别比CK高出36.98%和17.65%。说明机械灭茬免耕播种措施最好,而浅旋根茬还田常规播种耕作方法又优于传统翻耕。
In order to study the effects of different tillage methods on soil physical and chemical properties and corn yield and economic benefits, three tillage methods, conventional tillage, shallow rotation rooting and field tillage, and no-tillage sowing were used to evaluate soil water content, soil available nutrient , Corn yield traits and yield and economic benefits compared to clarify the impact of different tillage practices on soil physical and chemical properties of corn and maize yield. The results showed that the emergence rate, water content of different soil layers, corn yield traits, unit yield and total yield of mechanical sowing no-tillage sowing and light sowing root sowing were higher than those of conventional tilling, Conventional sowing and mechanical stubble no-tillage seedling emergence rate 3.3% and 7.8% higher than the traditional tillage, soil moisture at different levels, the order of the size of soil nutrients are mechanical stubble no-tillage sowing> shallow stubble stubble field conventional sowing> Conventional tillage, mechanical stubble no-tillage sowing and shallow rotation stubble return of conventional sowing corn yield 9.01% and 3.23% higher than the net income increased by 4305 yuan / hm2 CK and 1965 yuan / hm2, respectively, than the CK 36.98% higher and 17.65% higher respectively. The results showed that the mechanical tillage and no-tillage sowing measures were the best, while the conventional method of shallow stubble stubble returning was better than the traditional tillage.