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目的：临床观察大肠癌和癌旁粘膜中胃泌素、生长抑素（ＳＳ）及其分泌细胞的变化，探讨病人体内胃泌素、ＳＳ变化的原因和意义。方法：采用放射免疫法（ＲＩＡ）测定２６例大肠癌病人肿瘤和癌旁粘膜中胃泌素、生长抑素（ＳＳ）水平，并对其分泌细胞行免疫细胞化学观察。结果：肿瘤和癌旁粘膜中胃泌素含量极低且无胃泌素细胞存在。癌远旁粘膜（ＣＤＭ，距肿瘤约５ｃｍ）ＳＳ水平低于癌近旁粘膜（ＣＡＭ，距肿瘤０～２ｃｍ），高于肿瘤，两两相比相差均非常显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）。高分化癌、粘液腺癌组织平均ＳＳ水平高于中分化癌（前者Ｐ＜０．０１，后者Ｐ＜０．０５）和低分化癌（Ｐ＜０．０５）。肿瘤中未见ＳＳ细胞；癌旁粘膜中ＳＳ细胞的形态、位置近于正常。０～２ｃｍ粘膜中ＳＳ细胞数高于４ｃｍ～６ｃｍ粘膜，相差非常显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）；ＣＡＭ中ＳＳ水平与ＳＳ细胞数间呈非常显著之正相关（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：ＣＡＭ中ＳＳ上升的主要原因是粘膜中ＳＳ细胞数量增多并分泌大量的ＳＳ。这可能有助于延缓肿瘤的发生、发展，是机体发生于病灶局部的一种防御反应。
Objective: To observe the changes of gastrin, somatostatin (SS) and secretory cells in colorectal cancer and paraneoplastic mucosa, and to explore the causes and significance of changes in gastrin and SS in patients. Methods: The levels of gastrin and somatostatin (SS) in tumors and paraneoplastic mucosa of 26 patients with colorectal cancer were measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA), and their secretory cells were observed by immunocytochemistry. Results: The gastrin content was extremely low in the tumor and paraneoplastic mucosa and no gastrin cells were present. The distance from the distant cancerous mucosa (CDM, about 5cm from the tumor) to SS was lower than that of the cancer adjacent to the tumor (CAM, 0 to 2cm from the tumor), higher than the tumor, and the difference between the two was very significant (P<0.01). The average SS level of well-differentiated carcinoma and mucinous adenocarcinoma tissue was higher than that of moderately differentiated carcinoma (P<0.01 for the former, P<0.05 for the latter) and poorly-differentiated carcinoma (P<0.05). No SS cells were found in the tumor; the appearance and location of SS cells in the paraneoplastic mucosa were near normal. The number of SS cells in mucous membranes at 0-2cm was higher than that of 4cm-6cm, showing a significant difference (P<0.01). There was a very significant positive correlation between SS levels and SS number in CAM (P<0.01). Conclusion: The main reason for the increase in SS in CAM is the increase in the number of SS cells in the mucosa and the secretion of large amounts of SS. This may help delay the onset and development of tumors, which is a kind of defensive reaction that occurs when the body occurs on the lesions.