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从东北地区分离的快生型大豆根瘤菌QB113(fast-growing R.japonicum QB113)在酵母——甘露醇液体培养基上生长时,世代时间为3.22小时,代谢过程产酸,生理生化特性与国内外报导的快生型大豆根瘤菌相类似。我们首次报导了快生型大豆根瘤菌对栽培大豆表现的良好共生固氮能力和增产效果。在实验室的无菌水培实验中,铁丰18大豆接种QB113,种子产量比不接菌的对照提高121.7％,比接种快生型大豆根瘤菌USDA193的提高55.5％,比接种慢生型大豆根瘤菌61A76的提高9.1％,在黑龙江省莞达山南麓(白浆土地区)、北麓(黑土地区)的田间小区试验和大面积(20公顷)试验中,对黑农26、合丰25、82—7799—2大豆进行同样的接菌处理,接种QB113的种子产量比对照分别提高8.6％、10.0％和15.7％。结果说明快生型大豆根瘤菌QB113是可以与栽培大豆品种形成有效共生的。并且,在生产应用中具有一定的价值和可观的前景。
The fast-growing R. japonicum QB113 isolated from northeastern China was cultured in yeast-mannitol liquid medium for a generation time of 3.22 hours. The acidogenic, physiological and biochemical characteristics of the metabolic process were similar to those of domestic Reported fast-type soy bean Rhizobium similar. We report for the first time that fast-growing soybean rhizobia displays good symbiotic nitrogen fixation and increased yield for cultivated soybean. In aseptic hydroponic experiments in laboratory, Tiefeng 18 inoculated with QB113 showed a 121.7% increase in seed yield compared with non-inoculated control, 55.5% more than inoculated fast-acting soybean rhizobia USDA193, Rhizobium 61A76 was increased by 9.1%. In field trials and large area (20 hectare) trials in the southern foot of the Wanda Mountains in Heilongjiang Province (white soil area) and northern foot (black soil area), Hefei 26 and Hefeng 25,82-7799-2 soybeans for the same inoculation, the seed yield of inoculated QB113 increased by 8.6%, 10.0% and 15.7% respectively compared with the control. The results showed that fast-growing soybeans Rhizobium QB113 could form effective symbiosis with cultivated soybean varieties. And, in the production and application has a certain value and considerable prospects.