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青藏高原是我国唯一没有进行大规模油气勘探的空白区 ,比如盆地的油气勘探程度更低。根据实际探测资料和试验数据 ,探讨地表地球化学勘探方法在青藏高原烃源岩大量出露地表的特殊条件下的有效性。研究表明 ,对于强风化的地表样品和灰岩裸露区 ,最有效的化探指标为甲烷和重烃浓度 ,其次为荧光和紫外光 ,而常用的蚀变碳酸盐指标应用效果不佳。比如盆地地表土壤中检测到的烃类主要来源于地下烃类的微渗漏 ,受生物活动的影响较小 ,化探结果能较真实地反映地下油气信息。比如盆地内有机质以高成熟和过成熟为主 ,主要处于生气阶段 ,地表地球化学异常较高 ,盆地中部异常最显著 ,凯蒙呷拉蒙地区具有一定的含油气远景 ,为油气勘探的有利区带。图 3表 2参1
The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the only area in our country where no large-scale oil and gas exploration has been conducted. For example, the extent of oil and gas exploration in the basin is even lower. Based on the actual exploration data and experimental data, the validity of the surface geochemical exploration method under the special conditions that the source rocks of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are largely exposed to the surface is discussed. The results show that the most effective geochemical indicators are methane and heavy hydrocarbon concentrations, followed by fluorescence and UV light for strongly weathered surface samples and exposed limestone areas, while the commonly used altered carbonate indicators are ineffective. For example, the hydrocarbons detected in the surface soil of the basin mainly come from the microleakage of underground hydrocarbons, which is less affected by biological activities. The geochemical exploration results can more accurately reflect the underground hydrocarbon information. For example, the organic matter in the basin is mainly characterized by high maturity and over maturity, mainly in the stage of gas generation, high surface geochemical anomalies and most significant anomalies in the central part of the basin. The Kai Meng 呷 Ramon region has certain hydrocarbon potential and is a favorable area for oil and gas exploration band. Figure 3 Table 2 Reference 1