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采用ＭｏｎｔｅＣａｒｌｏ模拟方法，研究了家系数目，家系大小，性状遗传力大小等３个因素在不同组合下，ＭＬ法和ＲＥＭＬ法方差组分估计的准确性。结果表明，在不考虑除均值之外其它固定效应的情况下，ＭＬ法的效率高于ＲＥＭＬ法。
Monte Carlo simulation method was used to study the accuracy of variance method of ML method and REML method under different combinations of three factors: family number, family size and heritability. The results show that the ML method is more efficient than the REML method without considering other fixed effects other than the mean.