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目的：观察不同浓度氯胺酮对重度烧伤患者静脉血辅助T细胞（Th细胞）分化的影响。方法采集10例重度烧伤患者外周静脉血20 mL。进行全血和外周血单个核细胞（PBMCs）培养。每一份血样均用于下列各组研究：空白对照组（C组）、氯胺酮50μg/mL组（K1组），氯胺酮150μg/mL组（K2组）。淋巴细胞经过PHA刺激48 h后，监测淋巴细胞中Th1、Th2和Th17细胞亚群及其Th1/Th2比值。结果与C组比较，K1组和K2组的Th1、Th2和Th17细胞亚群的数量没有减少（P＞0.05），且Th1/Th2比值也没有明显变化（P＞0.05）。结论氯胺酮对重度烧伤患者的辅助T细胞分化没有明显的抑制，可以安全使用在烧伤手术中。“,”Objective To investigate the effects of ketamine on severe burn patients T helper (Th) cells dif-ferentiation. Methods Ten severe burn patients were enrolled in the study. In each patient 20 mL of blood was taken from peripheral vein and divided into 3 groups:control group (0.9%NaCl, group C), 2 ketamine groups (50, 150μg?mL-1, group K1 and group K2). Whole blood and mononuclear cells from peripheral blood (PBMCs) were incubated in the presence of 0.9%NaCl or different concentrations of ketamine for 24 h. Then human T helper cell were stimulated with PHA for 48 h. The subsets of Th1, Th2 and Th17 cells were analyzed with lfowcytom-etry. Results Compared with group C, the number of Th1, Th2 and Th17 were no different (P>0.05). The Th1/Th2 ratio was no different (P>0.05). Conclusion Ketamine on severe burn patients T helper cells differentiation was not inhibited. It can be safely used.