本文通过对18世纪中期詹金斯耳战起因的分析,说明英国商人阶级利益的增长是引发这一战争的最主要动因。英国第一任首相罗伯特·沃尔波尔代表的是土地贵族和金融贵族的利益,尽可能维持和平是其外交活动的主要目标,他对西班牙态度软弱,努力想避免战争。阶级利益之间的冲突导致了外交政策的变化。随着战事的失利,沃尔波尔最终退出了历史舞台。 This article analyzes the causes of Jenkins’ eighteen months of the mid-18th century and shows that the growth of the class interests of British businessmen is the most important cause of this war. The first Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, Robert Walpole, represented the interests of land nobility and financial aristocracy. Maintaining peace as much as possible was the main objective of his diplomatic activities. He was weak toward Spain and tried hard to avoid the war. Conflict between class interests has led to changes in foreign policy. With the defeat of the war, Volpoel eventually quit the stage of history.