质量是物理学的一个基本概念,它通常被定义为“物质的一种属性。是物质的量的量度,它是一个正的标量”。牛顿从他的第二定律出发引入惯性质量m=f/a,式中f是作用在物体上的力,而a是力引起的物体的加速度。同时,他又在万有引力定律中引入引力质量,当两个质量m_1和m_2相距r时,它们之间的万有引力为f=G(m_1m_2/r_2),式中G为引力常数.以上引入的两种质量是相互独立的,后来证明采用适当的单 Quality is a basic concept of physics. It is usually defined as “a property of matter. It is a measure of the quantity of matter, and it is a positive scalar.” From his second law, Newton introduces the inertial mass m=f/a, where f is the force acting on the object and a is the acceleration of the object caused by the force. At the same time, he introduced gravitational mass into the law of universal gravitation. When two masses m_1 and m_2 are separated by r, the universal gravitation between them is f=G(m_1m_2/r_2), where G is the gravitational constant. The quality is independent of each other and later proved to be appropriate