口腔癌是全身第6位常见肿瘤,近几十年5年存活率没有明显改善,严重危害患者的生命和生存质量。其中一个主要原因是由于缺乏行之有效的监测和筛查早期口腔癌的方法。本文旨在结合笔者多年从事临床病理的经验,对检测早期口腔癌的方法进行评述。除作为金标准的组织学检查外,细胞学检查、DNA定量分析、分子生物学检查将有望成为早期口腔癌检测及筛查的重要手段。 Oral cancer is the sixth most common tumor in the body. In recent decades, the 5-year survival rate has not significantly improved, which seriously endangers the life and quality of life of patients. One of the major causes is the lack of an effective method of monitoring and screening for early oral cancer. This article aims to combine the author for many years engaged in clinical pathology experience, on the detection of early oral cancer methods are reviewed. In addition to being the gold standard for histological examination, cytology, DNA quantification, and molecular biology are expected to be an important tool for early detection and screening of oral cancer.